While the exhibition of livestock goes back to the origin of the New York State Fair, the passing of years brings alternative viewpoints when it comes to the role of animals at the Fair. As planning begins for the 2024 edition, serious discussion about animal welfare issues would be in order.
During the Fair, a letter was published in the Post-Standard and syracuse.com that questioned the ethics of the Dairy Cow Live Birthing Center. 
Representatives of Woodstock Farm Sanctuary in Ulster County criticized the treatment of the cows and the practice of prematurely separating babies from their from mothers, claiming to have over 10,000 signatures on a petition seeking to have the Birthing Center discontinued.
Their concerns seem valid. Those days-old calves are adorable and Fair visitors certainly enjoy seeing them, but it would seem that a state that touts its dairy farming industry would demonstrate greater sensitivity in its care of cows and calves.
When it comes down to it, we should also be considering whether featuring animals in a petting zoo and a sea lions show meet humane standards. Fair administration should be mindful of humanitarian concerns regarding both livestock and wild animal acts in applying both judgement and compassion.
One idea would be to appoint knowledgeable staff to assess conditions for animals on the grounds and make recommendations regarding their treatment. When legitimate concerns are raised, the Fair has a responsibility to issue a public response and make changes if necessary.
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